International efforts to establish peace in Syria

United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria

 

The United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria (UNSMIS) is a United Nations peacekeeping mission in Syria, set up in 2012 as a result of United Nations Security Council Resolution 2043 in response to the Syrian uprising, initially for a 90-day period. It was also to support the full implementation of the Joint Special Envoy’s six-point plan to end the conflict in Syria. Resolution 2043 authorises up to 300 unarmed military observers, plus an appropriate civilian component. 

 

 

 

Six-Point Proposal of the Joint Special Envoy of the  United Nations and the League of Arab States

 

(1) an inclusive  Syrian-led political process commitment to work with the Envoy to address the legitimate aspirations and concerns of the Syrian people;

 

(2) to stop the fighting and achieve urgently  an effective (United Nations supervised) cessation of armed violence in all its forms by all parties(Syrian government as well as opposition) to protect civilians and stabilize the country;

 

 (3) ensure timely provision of humanitarian assistance to all areas affected by the fighting;

 

(4) intensify the pace and scale of release of arbitrarily detained persons, provide list of all places in which such persons are being detained, immediately begin organizing access to such locations and respond promptly to all written requests for information, access or release regarding such persons;

 

(5) ensure freedom of movement throughout the country for journalists and a non-discriminatory visa policy for them;

 

(6) respect freedom of association and the right to demonstrate peacefully as legally guaranteed.

 

 

 

Syrian conflict peace proposals

 

Syrian conflict peace proposals are initiatives and plans to resolve the Syrian civil war. Among the most significant attempts to resolve the conflict are the Arab League peace plan and the resulting Arab League observer mission, launched in December 2011. In addition, a Russian proposal was also issued. In early 2012, the “Friends of Syria” initiative was established, which resulted in multi-national conference in Tunisia, in order to find a solution to the Syrian crisis. Successive meeting was held in Turkey during April. The Kofi Annan peace plan for Syria was initiated in February as Kofi Annan, former U.N. Secretary General was appointed as U.N.-Arab League peace envoy for Syria. The Kofi Annan peace plan is considered the most serious international attempt to resolve the Syrian conflict in the Middle East.